3.4. Iterator

3.4.1. Zweck

Um ein Objekt iterierbar zu machen und es nach außen aussehen zu lassen wie eine Sammlung von Objekten.

3.4.2. Beispiele

• Um eine Datei zeilenweise zu verarbeiten, in dem man über die Zeilen iteriert (die selbst auch Objekte sind)

3.4.3. Hinweis

Standard PHP Library (SPL) stellt ein Interface Iterator bereit, das zu diesem Zweck bestens geeignet ist. Oftmals sollte man das Countable Interface auch implementieren, um count($object) auf dem Objekt zu erlauben.

3.4.4. UML Diagramm

3.4.5. Code

Du kannst den Code auch auf GitHub einsehen

Book.php

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Iterator;

class Book
{
    public function __construct(private string $title, private string $author)
    {
    }

    public function getAuthor(): string
    {
        return $this->author;
    }

    public function getTitle(): string
    {
        return $this->title;
    }

    public function getAuthorAndTitle(): string
    {
        return $this->getTitle() . ' by ' . $this->getAuthor();
    }
}

BookList.php

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Iterator;

use Countable;
use Iterator;

class BookList implements Countable, Iterator
{
    /**
     * @var Book[]
     */
    private array $books = [];
    private int $currentIndex = 0;

    public function addBook(Book $book)
    {
        $this->books[] = $book;
    }

    public function removeBook(Book $bookToRemove)
    {
        foreach ($this->books as $key => $book) {
            if ($book->getAuthorAndTitle() === $bookToRemove->getAuthorAndTitle()) {
                unset($this->books[$key]);
            }
        }

        $this->books = array_values($this->books);
    }

    public function count(): int
    {
        return count($this->books);
    }

    public function current(): Book
    {
        return $this->books[$this->currentIndex];
    }

    public function key(): int
    {
        return $this->currentIndex;
    }

    public function next(): void
    {
        $this->currentIndex++;
    }

    public function rewind(): void
    {
        $this->currentIndex = 0;
    }

    public function valid(): bool
    {
        return isset($this->books[$this->currentIndex]);
    }
}

3.4.6. Теst

Tests/IteratorTest.php

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Iterator\Tests;

use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Iterator\Book;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Iterator\BookList;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class IteratorTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testCanIterateOverBookList()
    {
        $bookList = new BookList();
        $bookList->addBook(new Book('Learning PHP Design Patterns', 'William Sanders'));
        $bookList->addBook(new Book('Professional Php Design Patterns', 'Aaron Saray'));
        $bookList->addBook(new Book('Clean Code', 'Robert C. Martin'));

        $books = [];

        foreach ($bookList as $book) {
            $books[] = $book->getAuthorAndTitle();
        }

        $this->assertSame(
            [
                'Learning PHP Design Patterns by William Sanders',
                'Professional Php Design Patterns by Aaron Saray',
                'Clean Code by Robert C. Martin',
            ],
            $books
        );
    }

    public function testCanIterateOverBookListAfterRemovingBook()
    {
        $book = new Book('Clean Code', 'Robert C. Martin');
        $book2 = new Book('Professional Php Design Patterns', 'Aaron Saray');

        $bookList = new BookList();
        $bookList->addBook($book);
        $bookList->addBook($book2);
        $bookList->removeBook($book);

        $books = [];
        foreach ($bookList as $book) {
            $books[] = $book->getAuthorAndTitle();
        }

        $this->assertSame(
            ['Professional Php Design Patterns by Aaron Saray'],
            $books
        );
    }

    public function testCanAddBookToList()
    {
        $book = new Book('Clean Code', 'Robert C. Martin');

        $bookList = new BookList();
        $bookList->addBook($book);

        $this->assertCount(1, $bookList);
    }

    public function testCanRemoveBookFromList()
    {
        $book = new Book('Clean Code', 'Robert C. Martin');

        $bookList = new BookList();
        $bookList->addBook($book);
        $bookList->removeBook($book);

        $this->assertCount(0, $bookList);
    }
}