1.8. 静态工厂

1.8.1. 目的

与 抽象工厂 类似，静态工厂模式用于创建一系列互相关联或依赖的对象。它与抽象工厂模式的区别在于，静态工厂模式仅使用 一个静态方法 来创建所有它可以创建的类型。通常，这个静态方法被命名为：factory 或 build。

1.8.2. UML 图

Alt StaticFactory UML Diagram

1.8.3. 代码

你可以在 GitHub 上找到这些代码

StaticFactory.php

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory;

use InvalidArgumentException;

/**
 * Note1: Remember, static means global state which is evil because it can't be mocked for tests
 * Note2: Cannot be subclassed or mock-upped or have multiple different instances.
 */
final class StaticFactory
{
    public static function factory(string $type): Formatter
    {
        return match ($type) {
            'number' => new FormatNumber(),
            'string' => new FormatString(),
            default => throw new InvalidArgumentException('Unknown format given'),
        };
    }
}

Formatter.php

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory;

interface Formatter
{
    public function format(string $input): string;
}

FormatString.php

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory;

class FormatString implements Formatter
{
    public function format(string $input): string
    {
        return $input;
    }
}

FormatNumber.php

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory;

class FormatNumber implements Formatter
{
    public function format(string $input): string
    {
        return number_format((int) $input);
    }
}

1.8.4. 测试

Tests/StaticFactoryTest.php

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory\Tests;

use InvalidArgumentException;
use DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory\FormatNumber;
use DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory\FormatString;
use DesignPatterns\Creational\StaticFactory\StaticFactory;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class StaticFactoryTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testCanCreateNumberFormatter()
    {
        $this->assertInstanceOf(FormatNumber::class, StaticFactory::factory('number'));
    }

    public function testCanCreateStringFormatter()
    {
        $this->assertInstanceOf(FormatString::class, StaticFactory::factory('string'));
    }

    public function testException()
    {
        $this->expectException(InvalidArgumentException::class);

        StaticFactory::factory('object');
    }
}