3.5. Mediator

3.5.1. Purpose

This pattern provides an easy way to decouple many components working together. It is a good alternative to Observer IF you have a “central intelligence”, like a controller (but not in the sense of the MVC).

All components (called Colleague) are only coupled to the Mediator interface and it is a good thing because in OOP, one good friend is better than many. This is the key-feature of this pattern.

3.5.2. UML Diagram

Alt Mediator UML Diagram

3.5.3. Code

You can also find this code on GitHub

Mediator.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator;

interface Mediator
{
    public function getUser(string $username): string;
}

Colleague.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator;

abstract class Colleague
{
    protected Mediator $mediator;

    public function setMediator(Mediator $mediator)
    {
        $this->mediator = $mediator;
    }
}

Ui.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator;

class Ui extends Colleague
{
    public function outputUserInfo(string $username)
    {
        echo $this->mediator->getUser($username);
    }
}

UserRepository.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator;

class UserRepository extends Colleague
{
    public function getUserName(string $user): string
    {
        return 'User: ' . $user;
    }
}

UserRepositoryUiMediator.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator;

class UserRepositoryUiMediator implements Mediator
{
    public function __construct(private UserRepository $userRepository, private Ui $ui)
    {
        $this->userRepository->setMediator($this);
        $this->ui->setMediator($this);
    }

    public function printInfoAbout(string $user)
    {
        $this->ui->outputUserInfo($user);
    }

    public function getUser(string $username): string
    {
        return $this->userRepository->getUserName($username);
    }
}

3.5.4. Test

Tests/MediatorTest.php

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<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace DesignPatterns\Tests\Mediator\Tests;

use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator\Ui;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator\UserRepository;
use DesignPatterns\Behavioral\Mediator\UserRepositoryUiMediator;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class MediatorTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testOutputHelloWorld()
    {
        $mediator = new UserRepositoryUiMediator(new UserRepository(), new Ui());

        $this->expectOutputString('User: Dominik');
        $mediator->printInfoAbout('Dominik');
    }
}